Yadda Zigbee ke Aiki a Tsarin Aiki na Gida

Zigbee wata hanya ce ta mara waya wadda aka tsara musamman don ƙananan bayanai, aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin wutar lantarki kamar sarrafa bayanai ta gida. Ba kamar Wi-Fi (babban ƙarfi, babban ƙimar bayanai) ko Bluetooth (gajeren zangon, haɗa na'urori), Zigbee yana ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa ta raga inda na'urori ke sadarwa da juna don faɗaɗa ɗaukar hoto da aminci.

1. Tsarin Cibiyar sadarwa

Cibiyar sadarwa ta Zigbee ta ƙunshi nau'ikan na'urori guda uku:

2. Hanyar Sadarwar Rataye a Aiki

Wannan shine babban fa'idar Zigbee:

Warkar da Kai & Faɗaɗawa: Saƙonni na iya shiga ta cikin na'urori masu amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa da yawa don isa ga Mai Gudanarwa. Idan an toshe hanya ɗaya, hanyar sadarwa za ta sami wata hanya.

Misali: Na'urar firikwensin ƙofa (Na'urar Ƙarshe) a cikin garejin ku na iya zama ba ta da nisa kai tsaye daga cibiyar (Mai Gudanarwa). Yana aika siginar sa zuwa ga wani kwan fitila mai wayo (Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa) da ke kusa da hanyar shiga, wanda ke tura shi zuwa cibiyar.

3. Sadarwa & Yarjejeniyoyi

Mita: Yana aiki akan madannin 2.4 GHz a duk duniya (haka kuma 915 MHz a Amurka, 868 MHz a Turai). Madannin 2.4 GHz yana ba da damar tashoshi 16, yana taimakawa wajen guje wa tsangwama ga Wi-Fi (wanda zaku iya sarrafawa ta hanyar saita tashoshi).

Ma'auni: An gina shi akan ma'aunin IEEE 802.15.4 don matakan haɗin zahiri da bayanai, amma yana ƙara matakan hanyar sadarwa da aikace-aikace don cikakken aiki.

Zigbee Clusters: Na'urori suna sadarwa ta amfani da daidaitattun Clusters. Cluster wani tsari ne na umarni da halaye don takamaiman aiki (misali, OnOff cluster yana da umarni kamar Toggle, On, Off). Wannan yana tabbatar da haɗin kai tsakanin na'urorin masana'antu daban-daban.

4. Tsarin Aiki na Yau da Kullum a Tsarin Aiki na Gida

Saita: Za ka haɗa cibiyar sadarwa ta Zigbee (mai kula da Zigbee). Yana ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa ta yanki ta sirri (PAN).

Haɗawa (Aiki): Za ka saka sabuwar na'ura (misali, kwan fitila) a cikin yanayin haɗawa. Cibiyar za ta gano shi kuma ta ƙara shi zuwa cibiyar sadarwa, ta ba shi adireshin musamman. Wannan tsari galibi ana kiransa "Zigbee Binding."

Sadarwa:

Sarrafa Kai Tsaye: Ka dannamakullin wayo(Na'urar Ƙarshe). Yana aika umarni mara waya ta hanyar raga zuwa wani takamaiman haske mai wayo (Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa).

Aiki da kai ta hanyar Hub: Na'urar firikwensin motsi (Na'urar Ƙarshe) tana gano motsi kuma tana aika sigina ta cikin raga zuwa hub. Manhajar cibiyar (ko manhajar da aka haɗa kamar Home Assistant) tana haifar da ƙa'ida da aka riga aka ayyana: "Idan aka gano motsi bayan faɗuwar rana, kunna fitilun hallway." Sannan tana mayar da umarnin ta cikin raga zuwa hasken da aka nufa.

Aminci: Idantoshe mai wayo Ana cire haɗin hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar Router, kuma hanyar sadarwar tana sake tura hanyar sadarwa ta atomatik ta wasu Router da ke kusa.

5. Manyan Fa'idodi don Gyaran Gida ta atomatik

Ƙarancin Amfani da Wutar Lantarki: Na'urorin ƙarshe na iya aiki akan batura tsawon shekaru.

Babban Aminci & Nisa: Hanyar sadarwa ta raga tana da ƙarfi kuma tana rufe manyan gidaje yadda ya kamata.

Ƙarancin Latency: Lokutan amsawa da sauri (yawanci ~ 30ms), suna da mahimmanci ga sarrafa haske.

Haɗin kai: Zigbee Alliance (wanda yanzu ake kira Connectivity Standards Alliance, CSA) yana tabbatar da cewa na'urori suna aiki tare a ƙarƙashin bayanan martaba kamar Zigbee Home Automation (ZHA).

Ƙarfin Ma'auni: Cibiyar sadarwa ɗaya za ta iya tallafawa na'urori sama da 65,000.

6. Na'urorin Zigbee da Aka Fi Amfani da Su a Gida Mai Wayo

7. Muhimman Abubuwan Da Ake Tunani

Cibiyar Dole ce: Kana buƙatar mai tsara Zigbee (cibiya ta musamman ko kebul na USB dongle) don sarrafa hanyar sadarwar. Ba kamar Wi-Fi ba ne inda na'urar sadarwa ta na'urarka ke sarrafa komai.

Haɗin kai Ba Cikakke Ba ne: Duk da cewa takardar shaida tana taimakawa, wasu fasaloli na musamman ga masu siyarwa (kamar yadda Philips Hue's smooth dimming) na iya buƙatar nasu hub. Amfani da cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya (misali, daga SmartThings ko Home Assistant tare da Zigbee dongle) yana haɓaka dacewa tsakanin masu siyarwa.

Tsangwama: Tunda yana amfani da 2.4 GHz, yana iya yin karo da Wi-Fi. Mafi kyawun aiki shine a saita tashar Zigbee ɗinku zuwa Channel 25 kuma Wi-Fi ɗinku zuwa tashar da ba ta haɗuwa ba (misali, 1, 6, ko 11).

Zigbee 3.0: Wannan shine daidaitaccen tsari na yanzu, wanda ke haɗa bayanan aikace-aikacen da suka gabata don tabbatar da cewa duk na'urorin Zigbee 3.0 masu takardar shaida suna aiki tare ba tare da wata matsala ba.

Kammalawa

Zigbee yana aiki ta hanyar ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa mai wayo, mai ƙarancin ƙarfi inda na'urori ke magana da juna don isar da umarni zuwa cibiyar tsakiya. Wannan ƙirar ta sa ta zama abin dogaro sosai, mai iya daidaitawa, kuma mai amfani da makamashi - ya dace da gida cike da na'urori masu auna firikwensin, maɓallan wuta, da kayan aiki masu wayo waɗanda ke buƙatar yin aiki tare ba tare da wata matsala ba tsawon shekaru ba tare da canza baturi akai-akai ba.